Magnesium
Magnesium ist ein essentielles Nährmineral, das an der Energieproduktion, der Funktion des Nervensystems, der Regulierung des Blutdrucks und der Kontrolle des Blutzuckers beteiligt ist. Ein Mangel an Magnesium in der Ernährung — der in modernen Gesellschaften häufig vorkommt — ist mit einem erhöhten Risiko für Diabetes, Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen und andere Gesundheitszustände verbunden.
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Letztes Update:28. November 2025
Übersicht
Überblick
Was ist Magnesium?
Magnesium ist ein essentielles Nährstoff und eines der am häufigsten vorkommenden Mineralien im Körper. Magnesium wirkt als Elektrolyt und ist ein Co-Faktor für mehr als 300 Enzyme. Magnesium wird für die Energieproduktion (ATP), den Glukosestoffwechsel, die DNA- und Proteinsynthese, die Nervenleitung, die Knochengesundheit und die Regulierung des Herz-Kreislauf-Systems sowie für viele andere Funktionen benötigt. Es spielt auch eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Synthese und Aktivierung von Vitamin D.
Nahrungsquellen für Magnesium sind dunkelgrüne Blattgemüse, Nüsse und Samen, Hülsenfrüchte, Vollkornprodukte sowie Fleisch/Fisch wie Lachs, Hähnchen und Rind. Viele Lebensmittel wie Frühstückszerealien und Brot werden mit Magnesium angereichert. Es scheint, dass etwa 20 %–40 % des diätetischen Magnesiums, das in den Körper gelangt, bioverfügbar wird.
Mehr als die Hälfte der Erwachsenen könnte möglicherweise nicht die empfohlene tägliche Aufnahme von Magnesium erreichen, da westliche Ernährungsweisen dazu neigen, sehr arm an magnesiumreichen Lebensmitteln und reich an verarbeiteten Lebensmitteln und raffinierten Getreiden zu sein, die magnesiumarm sind. Infolgedessen ist ein Magnesiummangel — der das Risiko von Fettleibigkeit, Diabetes, Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, metabolischem Syndrom und Osteoporose erhöht — ein großes gesundheitspolitisches Problem, insbesondere für ältere Erwachsene.
Was sind die Vorteile von Magnesium?
Hauptvorteile: Niedrige Magnesiumspiegel sind mit einem höheren Risiko für Diabetes verbunden, und die Ergänzung mit Magnesium hat gezeigt, dass sie den Blutzucker senkt und die Insulinempfindlichkeit verbessert,\[1\]\[2\]\[3\] insbesondere bei Menschen, die insulinresistent und/oder magnesiumdefizient sind\[\4\]\[5\]\[6\]\[7\] und/oder bei Frauen mit Gestationsdiabetes.\[3\]\[8\]
Zusätzlich scheint die Magnesiumsupplementierung auch den Blutdruck bei Menschen mit Magnesiumdefizit\[\9\]\[10\] und bei Personen mit erhöhtem Blutdruck (Hypertonie) zu senken.\[11\]\[12\]\[13\] Die durchschnittliche Senkung des Blutdrucks nach der Magnesiumsupplementierung beträgt 2–4 mmHg für den systolischen Blutdruck und 2 mmHg für den diastolischen Blutdruck,\[14\]\[15\] obwohl die Reduktionen bei Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes größer sein können (6–8 mmHg und 2–3 mmHg für systolischen und diastolischen Blutdruck, jeweils).\[16\]\[17\]
Es gibt Hinweise darauf, dass die Magnesiumsupplementierung die Häufigkeit und Intensität von Migränekopfschmerzen verringern\[\18\]\[19\]\[20\] und prämenstruelle Symptome bei Frauen mildern kann.\[21\]\[22\]\[23\]
Was sind die Nachteile von Magnesium?
Die Hauptnachteile: Magnesiumsupplementierung, die nicht übermäßig ist, wird gut vertragen und wird wahrscheinlich keine Nebenwirkungen verursachen. Es ist schwierig, zu viel Magnesium allein aus Nahrungsquellen aufzunehmen. Überschüssiges Magnesium im Körper wird von den Nieren ausgeschieden, daher ist das Risiko einer Magnesiumtoxizität durch Nahrungsmittel für gesunde Menschen ziemlich gering.[1] Die Einnahme von hohen Dosen und bestimmten Magnesiumsalzen (z. B. Magnesiumcarbonat, Magnesiumchlorid, Magnesiumgluconat, Magnesiumhydroxid und Magnesiumoxid) kann eine abführende Wirkung haben – obwohl manche Menschen bestimmte Formen von Magnesium aus diesem Grund wählen.[2][3] Unabsorbiertes Magnesiumsalz hat einen osmotischen Effekt im Darmtrakt und kann die Magenmotilität erhöhen. In einer Studie erlebten 12 % der Teilnehmer Durchfall bei einer Dosis von 1.000 mg Magnesiumoxid,[4] aber diese Form von Magnesium ist schlecht absorbierbar, und die Dosis liegt weit über der tolerierbaren oberen Grenze (UL) für Magnesium von 350 mg für gesunde Erwachsene.[5] Übelkeit, Durchfall und Bauchkrämpfe sind ebenfalls gelegentliche Nebenwirkungen, die von der Einnahme von Magnesiumsupplementen berichtet werden. Magnesiumpräparate können auch die Absorption bestimmter Medikamente beeinträchtigen, einschließlich Bisphosphonate (die zur Behandlung von Osteoporose eingesetzt werden) und Antibiotika – um diese Wechselwirkungen zu vermeiden, sollten Personen, die diese Arten von Medikamenten einnehmen, mit ihrem Gesundheitsdienstleister besprechen, wie sie ihre Magnesiumsupplemente zeitlich abstimmen können.[3]
Wie funktioniert Magnesium?
Viele Beobachtungen bezüglich der Wirkung von Magnesium auf die Verringerung des Krankheitsrisikos sind wahrscheinlich auf die Korrektur eines Mangels zurückzuführen. Mit anderen Worten, es ist möglicherweise nicht der Fall, dass zusätzliches Magnesium an sich vorteilhaft ist; vielmehr könnte ein Magnesiumdefizit zu mehreren gesundheitlichen Problemen führen, von denen viele möglicherweise mit chronischer niedriggradiger Entzündung in Verbindung stehen. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit einer umgekehrten Kausalität, da viele moderne Erkrankungen (z. B. Fettleibigkeit und Diabetes) zu einem Magnesiumdefizit führen können.
Dennoch gibt es gut dokumentierte Mechanismen, die erklären, warum Magnesium der Gesundheit zugutekommen kann. Zum einen spielt Magnesium eine Rolle bei der Aktivität der Beta-Zellen in der Bauchspeicheldrüse, die die Insulinausschüttung beeinflusst und damit unsere Fähigkeit zur Regulierung des Blutzuckers. Ein Magnesiumdefizit kann zu einer beeinträchtigten Insulinausschüttung, einer beeinträchtigten Glukoseverwertung und Insulinresistenz führen — alles Faktoren, die zur Entwicklung von Typ-2-Diabetes beitragen.
Im kardiovaskulären System reguliert Magnesium die Kalziumkonzentrationen, was die vaskuläre Entspannung fördert und die Vasokonstriktion hemmt, was zu einem gesunden Gefäßtonus beiträgt und vor Bluthochdruck schützt. Magnesium verbessert auch die Endothelfunktion, indem es direkt die Freisetzung von Stickstoffmonoxid (NO) stimuliert.
Im Gehirn bindet Magnesium an NMDA-Rezeptoren und blockiert deren Wirkungen, wodurch die glutamathaltige Übertragung der kortikalen Ausbreitungsdepression — einem Mechanismus, der an der Entstehung von Migränekopfschmerzen beteiligt ist — verhindert wird. Magnesium ist auch ein GABA-Agonist. Magnesium beeinflusst die Funktion von Serotoninrezeptoren, wirkt sich auf die Thrombozytenaggregation aus und reguliert die Synthese und Freisetzung mehrerer Neurotransmitter. Diese Mechanismen erklären die Vorteile von Magnesium bei Migräne sowie das Potenzial von Magnesium zur Verbesserung des Schlafs und anderer Aspekte der neurologischen Gesundheit.
Weitere Informationen
Verweise
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Triglycerides Kishimoto Y, Tani M, Uto Kondo H, Saita E, Iizuka M, Sone H, Yokota K, Kondo KEffects of magnesium on postprandial serum lipid responses in healthy human subjectsBr J Nutr.(2010 Feb)
Osteocalcin Doyle L, Flynn A, Cashman KThe effect of magnesium supplementation on biochemical markers of bone metabolism or blood pressure in healthy young adult femalesEur J Clin Nutr.(1999 Apr)
Blood Pressure Sacks FM, Willett WC, Smith A, Brown LE, Rosner B, Moore TJEffect on blood pressure of potassium, calcium, and magnesium in women with low habitual intakeHypertension.(1998 Jan)
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Blood Pressure Byrne J, Murphy C, Keogh JB, Clifton PMThe Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomised Cross Over Pilot Study.Int J Environ Res Public Health.(2021 Aug 02)
Blood Pressure Murphy C, Byrne J, Keogh JB, Headland ML, Clifton PMThe Acute Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomized Cross Over Pilot Study.Int J Environ Res Public Health.(2021 May 17)
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Blood glucose Rodríguez Morán M, Guerrero Romero FOral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic control in type 2 diabetic subjects: a randomized double blind controlled trialDiabetes Care.(2003 Apr)
Blood glucose Nicola Veronese, Ligia J Dominguez, Damiano Pizzol, Jacopo Demurtas, Lee Smith, Mario BarbagalloOral Magnesium Supplementation for Treating Glucose Metabolism Parameters in People with or at Risk of Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Double Blind Randomized Controlled TrialsNutrients.(2021 Nov 15)
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Osteocalcin Aydin H, Deyneli O, Yavuz D, Gözü H, Mutlu N, Kaygusuz I, Akalin SShort term oral magnesium supplementation suppresses bone turnover in postmenopausal osteoporotic womenBiol Trace Elem Res.(2010 Feb)
Bone Mineral Density Carpenter TO, DeLucia MC, Zhang JH, Bejnerowicz G, Tartamella L, Dziura J, Petersen KF, Befroy D, Cohen DA randomized controlled study of effects of dietary magnesium oxide supplementation on bone mineral content in healthy girlsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab.(2006 Dec)
PMS Symptoms De Souza MC, Walker AF, Robinson PA, Bolland KA synergistic effect of a daily supplement for 1 month of 200 mg magnesium plus 50 mg vitamin B6 for the relief of anxiety related premenstrual symptoms: a randomized, double blind, crossover studyJ Womens Health Gend Based Med.(2000 Mar)
PMS Symptoms Walker AF, De Souza MC, Vickers MF, Abeyasekera S, Collins ML, Trinca LAMagnesium supplementation alleviates premenstrual symptoms of fluid retentionJ Womens Health.(1998 Nov)
PMS Symptoms Quaranta S, Buscaglia MA, Meroni MG, Colombo E, Cella SPilot study of the efficacy and safety of a modified release magnesium 250 mg tablet (Sincromag) for the treatment of premenstrual syndromeClin Drug Investig.(2007)
PMS Symptoms Ebrahimi E, Khayati Motlagh S, Nemati S, Tavakoli ZEffects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptomsJ Caring Sci.(2012 Nov 22)
PMS Symptoms Facchinetti F, Borella P, Sances G, Fioroni L, Nappi RE, Genazzani AROral magnesium successfully relieves premenstrual mood changesObstet Gynecol.(1991 Aug)
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Blood glucose Lee S, Park HK, Son SP, Lee CW, Kim IJ, Kim HJEffects of oral magnesium supplementation on insulin sensitivity and blood pressure in normo magnesemic nondiabetic overweight Korean adultsNutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis.(2009 Dec)
Blood glucose Vedat Cinar, Yahya Polat, Rasim Mogulkoc, Mustafa Nizamlioglu, Abdulkerim Kasim BaltaciThe effect of magnesium supplementation on glucose and insulin levels of tae kwan do sportsmen and sedentary subjectsPak J Pharm Sci.(2008 Jul)
Serum Magnesium Guerrero Romero F, Tamez Perez HE, González González G, Salinas Martínez AM, Montes Villarreal J, Treviño Ortiz JH, Rodríguez Morán MOral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in non diabetic subjects with insulin resistance. A double blind placebo controlled randomized trial.Diabetes Metab.(2004 Jun)
Cortisol Cinar V, Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK, Polat YAdrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels in athletes and sedentary subjects at rest and exhaustion: effects of magnesium supplementationBiol Trace Elem Res.(2008 Mar)
C Reactive Protein (CRP) Nicola Veronese, Damiano Pizzol, Lee Smith, Ligia J Dominguez, Mario BarbagalloEffect of Magnesium Supplementation on Inflammatory Parameters: A Meta Analysis of Randomized Controlled TrialsNutrients.(2022 Feb 5)
Testosterone Cinar V, Polat Y, Baltaci AK, Mogulkoc REffects of magnesium supplementation on testosterone levels of athletes and sedentary subjects at rest and after exhaustionBiol Trace Elem Res.(2011 Apr)
Muscle Soreness Reno AM, Green M, Killen LG, ONeal EK, Pritchett K, Hanson ZEffects of Magnesium Supplementation on Muscle Soreness and Performance.J Strength Cond Res.(2022 Aug 01)
Muscle Soreness Steward CJ, Zhou Y, Keane G, Cook MD, Liu Y, Cullen TOne week of magnesium supplementation lowers IL 6, muscle soreness and increases post exercise blood glucose in response to downhill running.Eur J Appl Physiol.(2019 Dec)
Creatine Kinase Córdova A, Mielgo Ayuso J, Roche E, Caballero García A, Fernandez Lázaro DImpact of Magnesium Supplementation in Muscle Damage of Professional Cyclists Competing in a Stage Race.Nutrients.(2019 Aug 16)
LDL Oxidation I De Leeuw, W Engelen, P Aerts, S SchransEffect of intensive magnesium supplementation on the in vitro oxidizability of LDL and VLDL in Mg depleted type 1 diabetic patientsMagnes Res.(1998 Sep)
Diabetic Neuropathy Symptoms De Leeuw I, Engelen W, De Block C, Van Gaal LLong term magnesium supplementation influences favourably the natural evolution of neuropathy in Mg depleted type 1 diabetic patients (T1dm)Magnes Res.(2004 Jun)
Asthma Symptoms Gontijo Amaral C, Ribeiro MA, Gontijo LS, Condino Neto A, Ribeiro JDOral magnesium supplementation in asthmatic children: a double blind randomized placebo controlled trialEur J Clin Nutr.(2007 Jan)
Asthma Symptoms Bede O, Surányi A, Pintér K, Szlávik M, Gyurkovits KUrinary magnesium excretion in asthmatic children receiving magnesium supplementation: a randomized, placebo controlled, double blind studyMagnes Res.(2003 Dec)
Asthma Symptoms Kazaks AG, Uriu Adams JY, Albertson TE, Shenoy SF, Stern JSEffect of oral magnesium supplementation on measures of airway resistance and subjective assessment of asthma control and quality of life in men and women with mild to moderate asthma: a randomized placebo controlled trialJ Asthma.(2010 Feb)
Asthma Symptoms Fogarty A, Lewis SA, Scrivener SL, Antoniak M, Pacey S, Pringle M, Britton JOral magnesium and vitamin C supplements in asthma: a parallel group randomized placebo controlled trialClin Exp Allergy.(2003 Oct)
Blood Pressure Daniel T Dibaba, Pengcheng Xun, Yiqing Song, Andrea Rosanoff, Michael Shechter, Ka HeThe effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure in individuals with insulin resistance, prediabetes, or noncommunicable chronic diseases: a meta analysis of randomized controlled trialsAm J Clin Nutr.(2017 Sep)
Blood Pressure Hatzistavri LS, Sarafidis PA, Georgianos PI, Tziolas IM, Aroditis CP, Zebekakis PE, Pikilidou MI, Lasaridis ANOral magnesium supplementation reduces ambulatory blood pressure in patients with mild hypertensionAm J Hypertens.(2009 Oct)
Blood Pressure Kawano Y, Matsuoka H, Takishita S, Omae TEffects of magnesium supplementation in hypertensive patients: assessment by office, home, and ambulatory blood pressuresHypertension.(1998 Aug)
Muscle Oxygenation Golf SW, Bender S, Grüttner JOn the significance of magnesium in extreme physical stressCardiovasc Drugs Ther.(1998 Sep)
Strength L R Brilla, T F HaleyEffect of magnesium supplementation on strength training in humansJ Am Coll Nutr.(1992 Jun)
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Cramps Nygaard IH, Valbø A, Pethick SV, Bøhmer TDoes oral magnesium substitution relieve pregnancy induced leg crampsEur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol.(2008 Nov)
Cramps Garrison SR, Birmingham CL, Koehler BE, McCollom RA, Khan KMThe effect of magnesium infusion on rest cramps: randomized controlled trial.J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.(2011 Jun)
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Cramps Frusso R, Zárate M, Augustovski F, Rubinstein AMagnesium for the treatment of nocturnal leg cramps: a crossover randomized trial.J Fam Pract.(1999 Nov)
Cramps Olha Barna, Pavlo Lohoida, Yurii Holovchenko, Andrii Bazylevych, Valentyna Velychko, Iryna Hovbakh, Larysa Bula, Michael ShechterA randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, multicenter study assessing the efficacy of magnesium oxide monohydrate in the treatment of nocturnal leg crampsNutr J.(2021 Oct 31)
Cramps Liu J, Song G, Zhao G, Meng TEffect of oral magnesium supplementation for relieving leg cramps during pregnancy: A meta analysis of randomized controlled trials.Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol.(2021 Jul)
Pregnancy Complications Makrides M, Crosby DD, Bain E, Crowther CAMagnesium supplementation in pregnancy.Cochrane Database Syst Rev.(2014 Apr 3)
Pregnancy Complications Kovács L, Molnár BG, Huhn E, Bódis L[Magnesium substitution in pregnancy. A prospective, randomized double blind study].Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd.(1988 Aug)
Pregnancy Complications Carla Adriane Leal de Araújo, Joel Geoffrey Ray, José Natal Figueiroa, João Guilherme AlvesBRAzil magnesium (BRAMAG) trial: a double masked randomized clinical trial of oral magnesium supplementation in pregnancyBMC Pregnancy Childbirth.(2020 Apr 21)
Pre Eclampsia Risk Yuan J, Yu Y, Zhu T, Lin X, Jing X, Zhang JOral Magnesium Supplementation for the Prevention of Preeclampsia: a Meta analysis or Randomized Controlled Trials.Biol Trace Elem Res.(2022 Aug)
Infant Death Risk Shepherd E, Salam RA, Manhas D, Synnes A, Middleton P, Makrides M, Crowther CAAntenatal magnesium sulphate and adverse neonatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta analysis.PLoS Med.(2019 Dec)
C Reactive Protein (CRP) Nielsen FH, Johnson LK, Zeng HMagnesium supplementation improves indicators of low magnesium status and inflammatory stress in adults older than 51 years with poor quality sleepMagnes Res.(2010 Dec)
Sleep Quality Held K, Antonijevic IA, Künzel H, Uhr M, Wetter TC, Golly IC, Steiger A, Murck HOral Mg(2+) supplementation reverses age related neuroendocrine and sleep EEG changes in humansPharmacopsychiatry.(2002 Jul)
Tinnitus Symptoms Cevette MJ, Barrs DM, Patel A, Conroy KP, Sydlowski S, Noble BN, Nelson GA, Stepanek JPhase 2 study examining magnesium dependent tinnitusInt Tinnitus J.(2011)
Fibromyalgia Symptoms Selda Bagis, Mehmet Karabiber, Ismet As, Lülüfer Tamer, Canan Erdogan, Ayçe AtalayIs magnesium citrate treatment effective on pain, clinical parameters and functional status in patients with fibromyalgia?Rheumatol Int.(2013 Jan)
Serum Magnesium Macian N, Dualé C, Voute M, Leray V, Courrent M, Bodé P, Giron F, Sonneville S, Bernard L, Joanny F, Menard K, Ducheix G, Pereira B, Pickering GShort Term Magnesium Therapy Alleviates Moderate Stress in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial.Nutrients.(2022 May 17)
Blood glucose Vázquez Lorente H, Herrera Quintana L, Molina López J, Gamarra Morales Y, López González B, Miralles Adell C, Planells EResponse of Vitamin D after Magnesium Intervention in a Postmenopausal Population from the Province of Granada, Spain.Nutrients.(2020 Jul 30)
Depression Symptoms Barragán Rodríguez L, Rodríguez Morán M, Guerrero Romero FEfficacy and safety of oral magnesium supplementation in the treatment of depression in the elderly with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, equivalent trialMagnes Res.(2008 Dec)
Depression Symptoms Afsharfar M, Shahraki M, Shakiba M, Asbaghi O, Dashipour AThe effects of magnesium supplementation on serum level of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and depression status in patients with depression.Clin Nutr ESPEN.(2021 Apr)
Depression Symptoms Behnaz Abiri, Parvin Sarbakhsh, Mohammadreza VafaRandomized study of the effects of vitamin D and/or magnesium supplementation on mood, serum levels of BDNF, inflammation, and SIRT1 in obese women with mild to moderate depressive symptomsNutr Neurosci.(2021 Jul 2)
Serum Magnesium Behnood Abbasi, Masud Kimiagar, Khosro Sadeghniiat, Minoo M Shirazi, Mehdi Hedayati, Bahram RashidkhaniThe effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: A double blind placebo controlled clinical trialJ Res Med Sci.(2012 Dec)
Serum Magnesium Hornyak M, Voderholzer U, Hohagen F, Berger M, Riemann DMagnesium therapy for periodic leg movements related insomnia and restless legs syndrome: an open pilot study.Sleep.(1998 Aug 01)
Sleep Duration Jasmine Mah, Tyler PitreOral magnesium supplementation for insomnia in older adults: a Systematic Review & Meta AnalysisBMC Complement Med Ther.(2021 Apr 17)
Stress Signs and Symptoms Noah L, Dye L, Bois De Fer B, Mazur A, Pickering G, Pouteau EEffect of magnesium and vitamin B6 supplementation on mental health and quality of life in stressed healthy adults: Post hoc analysis of a randomised controlled trial.Stress Health.(2021 Dec)
Constipation Signs and Symptoms Morishita D, Tomita T, Mori S, Kimura T, Oshima T, Fukui H, Miwa HSenna Versus Magnesium Oxide for the Treatment of Chronic Constipation: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Trial.Am J Gastroenterol.(2021 Jan 01)
Constipation Signs and Symptoms Kubota M, Ito K, Tomimoto K, Kanazaki M, Tsukiyama K, Kubota A, Kuroki H, Fujita M, Vandenplas YLactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Magnesium Oxide in Children with Functional Chronic Constipation: A Double Blind and Randomized Clinical Trial.Nutrients.(2020 Jan 15)
Constipation Signs and Symptoms Mori S, Tomita T, Fujimura K, Asano H, Ogawa T, Yamasaki T, Kondo T, Kono T, Tozawa K, Oshima T, Fukui H, Kimura T, Watari J, Miwa HA Randomized Double blind Placebo controlled Trial on the Effect of Magnesium Oxide in Patients With Chronic Constipation.J Neurogastroenterol Motil.(2019 Oct 30)
Cramps Kandil M, Jaber S, Desai D, Nuñez Cruz S, Lomotan N, Ahmad U, Cirone M, Burkins J, McDowell MMAGraine: Magnesium compared to conventional therapy for treatment of migraines.Am J Emerg Med.(2021 Jan)
Migraine Severity Talandashti MK, Shahinfar H, Delgarm P, Jazayeri SEffects of selected dietary supplements on migraine prophylaxis: A systematic review and dose response meta analysis of randomized controlled trials.Neurol Sci.(2024 Oct 15)
Migraine Severity Köseoglu E, Talaslioglu A, Gönül AS, Kula MThe effects of magnesium prophylaxis in migraine without auraMagnes Res.(2008 Jun)
Migraine Severity Khani S, Hejazi SA, Yaghoubi M, Sharifipour EComparative study of magnesium, sodium valproate, and concurrent magnesium sodium valproate therapy in the prevention of migraine headaches: a randomized controlled double blind trial.J Headache Pain.(2021 Apr 07)
Pre Eclampsia Risk de Araújo CAL, de Sousa Oliveira L, de Gusmão IMB, Guimarães A, Ribeiro M, Alves JGBMagnesium supplementation and preeclampsia in low income pregnant women a randomized double blind clinical trial.BMC Pregnancy Childbirth.(2020 Apr 09)
Blood glucose Abu Zaid A, Alzayed MM, Albahrani SJ, Almaqhawi A, Al Shaikh MA, Baradwan S, Almudiheem NA, Abuzaid M, Adly HM, Saleh SAK, Alomar ODoes Magnesium Affect Sex Hormones and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Patients with PCOS? Findings from a Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas).(2025 Feb 6)
Blood glucose Farsinejad Marj M, Azadbakht L, Mardanian F, Saneei P, Esmaillzadeh AClinical and Metabolic Responses to Magnesium Supplementation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.Biol Trace Elem Res.(2020 Aug)
Insulin Resistance Mohammad Alizadeh, Majid Karandish, Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi, Lida Heidari, Roshan Nikbakht, Hossein Babaahmadi Rezaei, Reihaneh MousaviMetabolic and hormonal effects of melatonin and/or magnesium supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trialNutr Metab (Lond).(2021 Jun 6)
Serum Magnesium Reihaneh Mousavi, Mohammad Alizadeh, Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi, Lida Heidari, Roshan Nikbakht, Hossein Babaahmadi Rezaei, Majid KarandishEffects of Melatonin and/or Magnesium Supplementation on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled TrialBiol Trace Elem Res.(2021 May 19)
Quality of Life Jaripur M, Ghasemi Tehrani H, Askari G, Gholizadeh Moghaddam M, Clark CCT, Rouhani MHThe effects of magnesium supplementation on abnormal uterine bleeding, alopecia, quality of life, and acne in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.Reprod Biol Endocrinol.(2022 Aug 02)
ADHD Symptoms Surman C, Vaudreuil C, Boland H, Rhodewalt L, DiSalvo M, Biederman JL Threonic Acid Magnesium Salt Supplementation in ADHD: An Open Label Pilot Study.J Diet Suppl.(2021)
Blood glucose Afitska K, Clavel J, Kisters K, Vormann J, Werner TMagnesium citrate supplementation decreased blood pressure and HbA1c in normomagnesemic subjects with metabolic syndrome: a 12 week, placebo controlled, double blinded pilot trial.Magnes Res.(2021 Aug 01)
Cortisol Schutten JC, Joris PJ, Minovic I, Post A, van Beek AP, de Borst MH, Mensink RP, Bakker SJLLong term magnesium supplementation improves glucocorticoid metabolism: A post hoc analysis of an intervention trial.Clin Endocrinol (Oxf).(2021 Feb)
Transferrin Milinkovic N, Zekovic M, Dodevska M, Dordevic B, Radosavljevic B, Ignjatovic S, Ivanovic NMagnesium supplementation and iron status among female students: The intervention study.J Med Biochem.(2022 Jul 29)
Serum Magnesium Ali Reza Sobhani, Hossein Farshidi, Fariba Azarkish, Mahdiya Eslami, Ebrahim Eftekhar, Mansoor Keshavarz, Nepton SoltaniMagnesium Sulfate Improves Some Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis in Patients Suffering from One or Two Coronary Artery Diseases: A Double blind Clinical Trial StudyClin Pharmacol.(2020 Sep 25)
Blood glucose Salehidoost R, Taghipour Boroujeni G, Feizi A, Aminorroaya A, Amini MEffect of oral magnesium supplement on cardiometabolic markers in people with prediabetes: a double blind randomized controlled clinical trial.Sci Rep.(2022 Oct 28)
Blood glucose Norouzi M, Rezvankhah B, Haeri MR, Heydari H, Tafaroji J, Shafigh N, Avval JO, Dahmardeh AR, Masoumzadeh NMagnesium supplementation and insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Eur J Transl Myol.(2022 Jul 05)
Pain Hashemian M, Mirkheshti A, Mirafzal A, Ahmadipour H, Nasehabad MAThe effect of preoperative oral magnesium oxide on the severity of postoperative pain among women undergoing hysterectomy.Ir J Med Sci.(2022 Dec)
Blood Pressure Marques BCAA, Klein MRST, da Cunha MR, de Souza Mattos S, de Paula Nogueira L, de Paula T, Corrêa FM, Oigman W, Neves MFEffects of Oral Magnesium Supplementation on Vascular Function: A Systematic Review and Meta analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev.(2020 Feb)
Blood Pressure Saba S, Faizi F, Sepandi M, Nehrir BEffect of short term magnesium supplementation on anxiety, depression and sleep quality in patients after open heart surgery.Magnes Res.(2022 Apr 01)
Vomiting Hung KC, Chang LC, Ho CN, Hsu CW, Wu JY, Lin YT, Chen IWInfluence of Intravenous Magnesium Sulfate Infusion on the Subjective Postoperative Quality of Recovery: A Meta Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrients.(2024 Jul 22)
Triglycerides Kishimoto Y, Tani M, Uto Kondo H, Saita E, Iizuka M, Sone H, Yokota K, Kondo KEffects of magnesium on postprandial serum lipid responses in healthy human subjectsBr J Nutr.(2010 Feb)
Osteocalcin Doyle L, Flynn A, Cashman KThe effect of magnesium supplementation on biochemical markers of bone metabolism or blood pressure in healthy young adult femalesEur J Clin Nutr.(1999 Apr)
Blood Pressure Sacks FM, Willett WC, Smith A, Brown LE, Rosner B, Moore TJEffect on blood pressure of potassium, calcium, and magnesium in women with low habitual intakeHypertension.(1998 Jan)
Blood Pressure Joëlle C Schutten, Peter J Joris, Iris Groendijk, Coby Eelderink, Dion Groothof, Yvonne van der Veen, Ralf Westerhuis, Frans Goorman, Richard M Danel, Martin H de Borst, Stephan J L BakkerEffects of Magnesium Citrate, Magnesium Oxide, and Magnesium Sulfate Supplementation on Arterial Stiffness: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Intervention TrialJ Am Heart Assoc.(2022 Mar 15)
Blood Pressure Byrne J, Murphy C, Keogh JB, Clifton PMThe Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomised Cross Over Pilot Study.Int J Environ Res Public Health.(2021 Aug 02)
Blood Pressure Murphy C, Byrne J, Keogh JB, Headland ML, Clifton PMThe Acute Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomized Cross Over Pilot Study.Int J Environ Res Public Health.(2021 May 17)
Blood glucose Chua FB, Cinco JE, Paz Pacheco EEfficacy of Magnesium Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Meta analysis.J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc.(2017)
Blood glucose de Valk HW, Verkaaik R, van Rijn HJ, Geerdink RA, Struyvenberg AOral magnesium supplementation in insulin requiring Type 2 diabetic patientsDiabet Med.(1998 Jun)
Blood glucose Guerrero Romero F, Rodríguez Morán MThe effect of lowering blood pressure by magnesium supplementation in diabetic hypertensive adults with low serum magnesium levels: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled clinical trialJ Hum Hypertens.(2009 Apr)
Blood glucose Rodríguez Morán M, Guerrero Romero FOral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic control in type 2 diabetic subjects: a randomized double blind controlled trialDiabetes Care.(2003 Apr)
Blood glucose Nicola Veronese, Ligia J Dominguez, Damiano Pizzol, Jacopo Demurtas, Lee Smith, Mario BarbagalloOral Magnesium Supplementation for Treating Glucose Metabolism Parameters in People with or at Risk of Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Double Blind Randomized Controlled TrialsNutrients.(2021 Nov 15)
Blood glucose de Lordes Lima M, Cruz T, Pousada JC, Rodrigues LE, Barbosa K, Canguçu VThe effect of magnesium supplementation in increasing doses on the control of type 2 diabetesDiabetes Care.(1998 May)
Blood glucose Xu L, Li X, Wang X, Xu MEffects of magnesium supplementation on improving hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension in type 2 diabetes: A pooled analysis of 24 randomized controlled trials.Front Nutr.(2022)
Osteocalcin Aydin H, Deyneli O, Yavuz D, Gözü H, Mutlu N, Kaygusuz I, Akalin SShort term oral magnesium supplementation suppresses bone turnover in postmenopausal osteoporotic womenBiol Trace Elem Res.(2010 Feb)
Bone Mineral Density Carpenter TO, DeLucia MC, Zhang JH, Bejnerowicz G, Tartamella L, Dziura J, Petersen KF, Befroy D, Cohen DA randomized controlled study of effects of dietary magnesium oxide supplementation on bone mineral content in healthy girlsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab.(2006 Dec)
PMS Symptoms De Souza MC, Walker AF, Robinson PA, Bolland KA synergistic effect of a daily supplement for 1 month of 200 mg magnesium plus 50 mg vitamin B6 for the relief of anxiety related premenstrual symptoms: a randomized, double blind, crossover studyJ Womens Health Gend Based Med.(2000 Mar)
PMS Symptoms Walker AF, De Souza MC, Vickers MF, Abeyasekera S, Collins ML, Trinca LAMagnesium supplementation alleviates premenstrual symptoms of fluid retentionJ Womens Health.(1998 Nov)
PMS Symptoms Quaranta S, Buscaglia MA, Meroni MG, Colombo E, Cella SPilot study of the efficacy and safety of a modified release magnesium 250 mg tablet (Sincromag) for the treatment of premenstrual syndromeClin Drug Investig.(2007)
PMS Symptoms Ebrahimi E, Khayati Motlagh S, Nemati S, Tavakoli ZEffects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptomsJ Caring Sci.(2012 Nov 22)
PMS Symptoms Facchinetti F, Borella P, Sances G, Fioroni L, Nappi RE, Genazzani AROral magnesium successfully relieves premenstrual mood changesObstet Gynecol.(1991 Aug)
Blood glucose Guerrero Romero F, Rodríguez Morán MMagnesium improves the beta cell function to compensate variation of insulin sensitivity: double blind, randomized clinical trialEur J Clin Invest.(2011 Apr)
Blood glucose Mooren FC, Krüger K, Völker K, Golf SW, Wadepuhl M, Kraus AOral magnesium supplementation reduces insulin resistance in non diabetic subjects a double blind, placebo controlled, randomized trialDiabetes Obes Metab.(2011 Mar)
Blood glucose Lee S, Park HK, Son SP, Lee CW, Kim IJ, Kim HJEffects of oral magnesium supplementation on insulin sensitivity and blood pressure in normo magnesemic nondiabetic overweight Korean adultsNutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis.(2009 Dec)
Blood glucose Vedat Cinar, Yahya Polat, Rasim Mogulkoc, Mustafa Nizamlioglu, Abdulkerim Kasim BaltaciThe effect of magnesium supplementation on glucose and insulin levels of tae kwan do sportsmen and sedentary subjectsPak J Pharm Sci.(2008 Jul)
Serum Magnesium Guerrero Romero F, Tamez Perez HE, González González G, Salinas Martínez AM, Montes Villarreal J, Treviño Ortiz JH, Rodríguez Morán MOral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in non diabetic subjects with insulin resistance. A double blind placebo controlled randomized trial.Diabetes Metab.(2004 Jun)
Cortisol Cinar V, Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK, Polat YAdrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels in athletes and sedentary subjects at rest and exhaustion: effects of magnesium supplementationBiol Trace Elem Res.(2008 Mar)
C Reactive Protein (CRP) Nicola Veronese, Damiano Pizzol, Lee Smith, Ligia J Dominguez, Mario BarbagalloEffect of Magnesium Supplementation on Inflammatory Parameters: A Meta Analysis of Randomized Controlled TrialsNutrients.(2022 Feb 5)
Testosterone Cinar V, Polat Y, Baltaci AK, Mogulkoc REffects of magnesium supplementation on testosterone levels of athletes and sedentary subjects at rest and after exhaustionBiol Trace Elem Res.(2011 Apr)
Muscle Soreness Reno AM, Green M, Killen LG, ONeal EK, Pritchett K, Hanson ZEffects of Magnesium Supplementation on Muscle Soreness and Performance.J Strength Cond Res.(2022 Aug 01)
Muscle Soreness Steward CJ, Zhou Y, Keane G, Cook MD, Liu Y, Cullen TOne week of magnesium supplementation lowers IL 6, muscle soreness and increases post exercise blood glucose in response to downhill running.Eur J Appl Physiol.(2019 Dec)
Creatine Kinase Córdova A, Mielgo Ayuso J, Roche E, Caballero García A, Fernandez Lázaro DImpact of Magnesium Supplementation in Muscle Damage of Professional Cyclists Competing in a Stage Race.Nutrients.(2019 Aug 16)
LDL Oxidation I De Leeuw, W Engelen, P Aerts, S SchransEffect of intensive magnesium supplementation on the in vitro oxidizability of LDL and VLDL in Mg depleted type 1 diabetic patientsMagnes Res.(1998 Sep)
Diabetic Neuropathy Symptoms De Leeuw I, Engelen W, De Block C, Van Gaal LLong term magnesium supplementation influences favourably the natural evolution of neuropathy in Mg depleted type 1 diabetic patients (T1dm)Magnes Res.(2004 Jun)
Asthma Symptoms Gontijo Amaral C, Ribeiro MA, Gontijo LS, Condino Neto A, Ribeiro JDOral magnesium supplementation in asthmatic children: a double blind randomized placebo controlled trialEur J Clin Nutr.(2007 Jan)
Asthma Symptoms Bede O, Surányi A, Pintér K, Szlávik M, Gyurkovits KUrinary magnesium excretion in asthmatic children receiving magnesium supplementation: a randomized, placebo controlled, double blind studyMagnes Res.(2003 Dec)
Asthma Symptoms Kazaks AG, Uriu Adams JY, Albertson TE, Shenoy SF, Stern JSEffect of oral magnesium supplementation on measures of airway resistance and subjective assessment of asthma control and quality of life in men and women with mild to moderate asthma: a randomized placebo controlled trialJ Asthma.(2010 Feb)
Asthma Symptoms Fogarty A, Lewis SA, Scrivener SL, Antoniak M, Pacey S, Pringle M, Britton JOral magnesium and vitamin C supplements in asthma: a parallel group randomized placebo controlled trialClin Exp Allergy.(2003 Oct)
Blood Pressure Daniel T Dibaba, Pengcheng Xun, Yiqing Song, Andrea Rosanoff, Michael Shechter, Ka HeThe effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure in individuals with insulin resistance, prediabetes, or noncommunicable chronic diseases: a meta analysis of randomized controlled trialsAm J Clin Nutr.(2017 Sep)
Blood Pressure Hatzistavri LS, Sarafidis PA, Georgianos PI, Tziolas IM, Aroditis CP, Zebekakis PE, Pikilidou MI, Lasaridis ANOral magnesium supplementation reduces ambulatory blood pressure in patients with mild hypertensionAm J Hypertens.(2009 Oct)
Blood Pressure Kawano Y, Matsuoka H, Takishita S, Omae TEffects of magnesium supplementation in hypertensive patients: assessment by office, home, and ambulatory blood pressuresHypertension.(1998 Aug)
Muscle Oxygenation Golf SW, Bender S, Grüttner JOn the significance of magnesium in extreme physical stressCardiovasc Drugs Ther.(1998 Sep)
Strength L R Brilla, T F HaleyEffect of magnesium supplementation on strength training in humansJ Am Coll Nutr.(1992 Jun)
Cramps Scott R Garrison, Christina S Korownyk, Michael R Kolber, G Michael Allan, Vijaya M Musini, Ravneet K Sekhon, Nicolas DugréMagnesium for skeletal muscle crampsCochrane Database Syst Rev.(2020 Sep 21)
Cramps Nygaard IH, Valbø A, Pethick SV, Bøhmer TDoes oral magnesium substitution relieve pregnancy induced leg crampsEur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol.(2008 Nov)
Cramps Garrison SR, Birmingham CL, Koehler BE, McCollom RA, Khan KMThe effect of magnesium infusion on rest cramps: randomized controlled trial.J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.(2011 Jun)
Cramps Roffe C, Sills S, Crome P, Jones PRandomised, cross over, placebo controlled trial of magnesium citrate in the treatment of chronic persistent leg cramps.Med Sci Monit.(2002 May)
Cramps Frusso R, Zárate M, Augustovski F, Rubinstein AMagnesium for the treatment of nocturnal leg cramps: a crossover randomized trial.J Fam Pract.(1999 Nov)
Cramps Olha Barna, Pavlo Lohoida, Yurii Holovchenko, Andrii Bazylevych, Valentyna Velychko, Iryna Hovbakh, Larysa Bula, Michael ShechterA randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, multicenter study assessing the efficacy of magnesium oxide monohydrate in the treatment of nocturnal leg crampsNutr J.(2021 Oct 31)
Cramps Liu J, Song G, Zhao G, Meng TEffect of oral magnesium supplementation for relieving leg cramps during pregnancy: A meta analysis of randomized controlled trials.Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol.(2021 Jul)
Pregnancy Complications Makrides M, Crosby DD, Bain E, Crowther CAMagnesium supplementation in pregnancy.Cochrane Database Syst Rev.(2014 Apr 3)
Pregnancy Complications Kovács L, Molnár BG, Huhn E, Bódis L[Magnesium substitution in pregnancy. A prospective, randomized double blind study].Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd.(1988 Aug)
Pregnancy Complications Carla Adriane Leal de Araújo, Joel Geoffrey Ray, José Natal Figueiroa, João Guilherme AlvesBRAzil magnesium (BRAMAG) trial: a double masked randomized clinical trial of oral magnesium supplementation in pregnancyBMC Pregnancy Childbirth.(2020 Apr 21)
Pre Eclampsia Risk Yuan J, Yu Y, Zhu T, Lin X, Jing X, Zhang JOral Magnesium Supplementation for the Prevention of Preeclampsia: a Meta analysis or Randomized Controlled Trials.Biol Trace Elem Res.(2022 Aug)
Infant Death Risk Shepherd E, Salam RA, Manhas D, Synnes A, Middleton P, Makrides M, Crowther CAAntenatal magnesium sulphate and adverse neonatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta analysis.PLoS Med.(2019 Dec)
C Reactive Protein (CRP) Nielsen FH, Johnson LK, Zeng HMagnesium supplementation improves indicators of low magnesium status and inflammatory stress in adults older than 51 years with poor quality sleepMagnes Res.(2010 Dec)
Sleep Quality Held K, Antonijevic IA, Künzel H, Uhr M, Wetter TC, Golly IC, Steiger A, Murck HOral Mg(2+) supplementation reverses age related neuroendocrine and sleep EEG changes in humansPharmacopsychiatry.(2002 Jul)
Tinnitus Symptoms Cevette MJ, Barrs DM, Patel A, Conroy KP, Sydlowski S, Noble BN, Nelson GA, Stepanek JPhase 2 study examining magnesium dependent tinnitusInt Tinnitus J.(2011)
Fibromyalgia Symptoms Selda Bagis, Mehmet Karabiber, Ismet As, Lülüfer Tamer, Canan Erdogan, Ayçe AtalayIs magnesium citrate treatment effective on pain, clinical parameters and functional status in patients with fibromyalgia?Rheumatol Int.(2013 Jan)
Serum Magnesium Macian N, Dualé C, Voute M, Leray V, Courrent M, Bodé P, Giron F, Sonneville S, Bernard L, Joanny F, Menard K, Ducheix G, Pereira B, Pickering GShort Term Magnesium Therapy Alleviates Moderate Stress in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial.Nutrients.(2022 May 17)
Blood glucose Vázquez Lorente H, Herrera Quintana L, Molina López J, Gamarra Morales Y, López González B, Miralles Adell C, Planells EResponse of Vitamin D after Magnesium Intervention in a Postmenopausal Population from the Province of Granada, Spain.Nutrients.(2020 Jul 30)
Depression Symptoms Barragán Rodríguez L, Rodríguez Morán M, Guerrero Romero FEfficacy and safety of oral magnesium supplementation in the treatment of depression in the elderly with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, equivalent trialMagnes Res.(2008 Dec)
Depression Symptoms Afsharfar M, Shahraki M, Shakiba M, Asbaghi O, Dashipour AThe effects of magnesium supplementation on serum level of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and depression status in patients with depression.Clin Nutr ESPEN.(2021 Apr)
Depression Symptoms Behnaz Abiri, Parvin Sarbakhsh, Mohammadreza VafaRandomized study of the effects of vitamin D and/or magnesium supplementation on mood, serum levels of BDNF, inflammation, and SIRT1 in obese women with mild to moderate depressive symptomsNutr Neurosci.(2021 Jul 2)
Serum Magnesium Behnood Abbasi, Masud Kimiagar, Khosro Sadeghniiat, Minoo M Shirazi, Mehdi Hedayati, Bahram RashidkhaniThe effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: A double blind placebo controlled clinical trialJ Res Med Sci.(2012 Dec)
Serum Magnesium Hornyak M, Voderholzer U, Hohagen F, Berger M, Riemann DMagnesium therapy for periodic leg movements related insomnia and restless legs syndrome: an open pilot study.Sleep.(1998 Aug 01)
Sleep Duration Jasmine Mah, Tyler PitreOral magnesium supplementation for insomnia in older adults: a Systematic Review & Meta AnalysisBMC Complement Med Ther.(2021 Apr 17)
Stress Signs and Symptoms Noah L, Dye L, Bois De Fer B, Mazur A, Pickering G, Pouteau EEffect of magnesium and vitamin B6 supplementation on mental health and quality of life in stressed healthy adults: Post hoc analysis of a randomised controlled trial.Stress Health.(2021 Dec)
Constipation Signs and Symptoms Morishita D, Tomita T, Mori S, Kimura T, Oshima T, Fukui H, Miwa HSenna Versus Magnesium Oxide for the Treatment of Chronic Constipation: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Trial.Am J Gastroenterol.(2021 Jan 01)
Constipation Signs and Symptoms Kubota M, Ito K, Tomimoto K, Kanazaki M, Tsukiyama K, Kubota A, Kuroki H, Fujita M, Vandenplas YLactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Magnesium Oxide in Children with Functional Chronic Constipation: A Double Blind and Randomized Clinical Trial.Nutrients.(2020 Jan 15)
Constipation Signs and Symptoms Mori S, Tomita T, Fujimura K, Asano H, Ogawa T, Yamasaki T, Kondo T, Kono T, Tozawa K, Oshima T, Fukui H, Kimura T, Watari J, Miwa HA Randomized Double blind Placebo controlled Trial on the Effect of Magnesium Oxide in Patients With Chronic Constipation.J Neurogastroenterol Motil.(2019 Oct 30)
Cramps Kandil M, Jaber S, Desai D, Nuñez Cruz S, Lomotan N, Ahmad U, Cirone M, Burkins J, McDowell MMAGraine: Magnesium compared to conventional therapy for treatment of migraines.Am J Emerg Med.(2021 Jan)
Migraine Severity Talandashti MK, Shahinfar H, Delgarm P, Jazayeri SEffects of selected dietary supplements on migraine prophylaxis: A systematic review and dose response meta analysis of randomized controlled trials.Neurol Sci.(2024 Oct 15)
Migraine Severity Köseoglu E, Talaslioglu A, Gönül AS, Kula MThe effects of magnesium prophylaxis in migraine without auraMagnes Res.(2008 Jun)
Migraine Severity Khani S, Hejazi SA, Yaghoubi M, Sharifipour EComparative study of magnesium, sodium valproate, and concurrent magnesium sodium valproate therapy in the prevention of migraine headaches: a randomized controlled double blind trial.J Headache Pain.(2021 Apr 07)
Pre Eclampsia Risk de Araújo CAL, de Sousa Oliveira L, de Gusmão IMB, Guimarães A, Ribeiro M, Alves JGBMagnesium supplementation and preeclampsia in low income pregnant women a randomized double blind clinical trial.BMC Pregnancy Childbirth.(2020 Apr 09)
Blood glucose Abu Zaid A, Alzayed MM, Albahrani SJ, Almaqhawi A, Al Shaikh MA, Baradwan S, Almudiheem NA, Abuzaid M, Adly HM, Saleh SAK, Alomar ODoes Magnesium Affect Sex Hormones and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Patients with PCOS? Findings from a Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas).(2025 Feb 6)
Blood glucose Farsinejad Marj M, Azadbakht L, Mardanian F, Saneei P, Esmaillzadeh AClinical and Metabolic Responses to Magnesium Supplementation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.Biol Trace Elem Res.(2020 Aug)
Insulin Resistance Mohammad Alizadeh, Majid Karandish, Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi, Lida Heidari, Roshan Nikbakht, Hossein Babaahmadi Rezaei, Reihaneh MousaviMetabolic and hormonal effects of melatonin and/or magnesium supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trialNutr Metab (Lond).(2021 Jun 6)
Serum Magnesium Reihaneh Mousavi, Mohammad Alizadeh, Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi, Lida Heidari, Roshan Nikbakht, Hossein Babaahmadi Rezaei, Majid KarandishEffects of Melatonin and/or Magnesium Supplementation on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled TrialBiol Trace Elem Res.(2021 May 19)
Quality of Life Jaripur M, Ghasemi Tehrani H, Askari G, Gholizadeh Moghaddam M, Clark CCT, Rouhani MHThe effects of magnesium supplementation on abnormal uterine bleeding, alopecia, quality of life, and acne in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.Reprod Biol Endocrinol.(2022 Aug 02)
ADHD Symptoms Surman C, Vaudreuil C, Boland H, Rhodewalt L, DiSalvo M, Biederman JL Threonic Acid Magnesium Salt Supplementation in ADHD: An Open Label Pilot Study.J Diet Suppl.(2021)
Blood glucose Afitska K, Clavel J, Kisters K, Vormann J, Werner TMagnesium citrate supplementation decreased blood pressure and HbA1c in normomagnesemic subjects with metabolic syndrome: a 12 week, placebo controlled, double blinded pilot trial.Magnes Res.(2021 Aug 01)
Cortisol Schutten JC, Joris PJ, Minovic I, Post A, van Beek AP, de Borst MH, Mensink RP, Bakker SJLLong term magnesium supplementation improves glucocorticoid metabolism: A post hoc analysis of an intervention trial.Clin Endocrinol (Oxf).(2021 Feb)
Transferrin Milinkovic N, Zekovic M, Dodevska M, Dordevic B, Radosavljevic B, Ignjatovic S, Ivanovic NMagnesium supplementation and iron status among female students: The intervention study.J Med Biochem.(2022 Jul 29)
Serum Magnesium Ali Reza Sobhani, Hossein Farshidi, Fariba Azarkish, Mahdiya Eslami, Ebrahim Eftekhar, Mansoor Keshavarz, Nepton SoltaniMagnesium Sulfate Improves Some Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis in Patients Suffering from One or Two Coronary Artery Diseases: A Double blind Clinical Trial StudyClin Pharmacol.(2020 Sep 25)
Blood glucose Salehidoost R, Taghipour Boroujeni G, Feizi A, Aminorroaya A, Amini MEffect of oral magnesium supplement on cardiometabolic markers in people with prediabetes: a double blind randomized controlled clinical trial.Sci Rep.(2022 Oct 28)
Blood glucose Norouzi M, Rezvankhah B, Haeri MR, Heydari H, Tafaroji J, Shafigh N, Avval JO, Dahmardeh AR, Masoumzadeh NMagnesium supplementation and insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Eur J Transl Myol.(2022 Jul 05)
Pain Hashemian M, Mirkheshti A, Mirafzal A, Ahmadipour H, Nasehabad MAThe effect of preoperative oral magnesium oxide on the severity of postoperative pain among women undergoing hysterectomy.Ir J Med Sci.(2022 Dec)
Blood Pressure Marques BCAA, Klein MRST, da Cunha MR, de Souza Mattos S, de Paula Nogueira L, de Paula T, Corrêa FM, Oigman W, Neves MFEffects of Oral Magnesium Supplementation on Vascular Function: A Systematic Review and Meta analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev.(2020 Feb)
Blood Pressure Saba S, Faizi F, Sepandi M, Nehrir BEffect of short term magnesium supplementation on anxiety, depression and sleep quality in patients after open heart surgery.Magnes Res.(2022 Apr 01)
Vomiting Hung KC, Chang LC, Ho CN, Hsu CW, Wu JY, Lin YT, Chen IWInfluence of Intravenous Magnesium Sulfate Infusion on the Subjective Postoperative Quality of Recovery: A Meta Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrients.(2024 Jul 22)